local stellar survey · updated 22 October 2026

STAR

The 120 nearest stars, closest first. Failed stars that never ignited are left out. Every temperature is in kelvin and Celsius.

Light-year: How far light travels in one year. The nearest star is 4.25 of these.
Earth–Sun: Earth's distance from the Sun. Planet orbits are measured in these.
Mild band: Not too hot, not too cold for liquid water. Also called the goldilocks zone.
Kelvin and °C: 0 °C is 273 K. Water freezes at 273 K (0 °C) and boils at 373 K (100 °C).

0 · Sunlight-years22

ProximaTeegarden'sAlsafiDeltaGliese

Green

A real chance of an Earth-like world in the mild band, and the star itself is relatively kind — or we have already found a rocky world there.

Blue

We do not know yet. A planet in the mild band is not ruled out, and it is not confirmed.

Black

Not a home: a dead star, violent flares, harsh ultraviolet, or planets that are all too hot or too cold.

Showing 120 / 120 · closest to the Sun first

#01Centaurus

Proxima Centauri

α Cen C · V645 Cen · GJ 551

Good chance of a home

how far

4.2465 light-years

Measured from the star's tiny yearly shift (Gaia)

kind of star

Small cool red star that throws violent flares

M5.5Ve · 2,992 K (2,719 °C)

how old

4.85 billion years

0.122× the Sun's weight · 0.154× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion yr

0.0017× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

62%

0.04 – 0.09 AU

Confirmed Earth-mass planet b sits in the conservative habitable zone. Atmosphere and surface water are unproven.

planets found

2 confirmed (b, d) + 1 disputed (c)

Proxima d

confirmed · Smaller than Earth

orbit: 0.029 Earth–Sun · 5.12 d
weight and pull: at least 0.26× Earth · unknown (no radius); ≪ 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 360 K (87 °C) · too hot for liquid water
water: surface water unstable
air: air probably blown away; 2026 data hint at a strong magnetic field
could we live there?: No

Proxima bgoldilocks

confirmed · Earth-mass rocky (assumed)

orbit: 0.049 Earth–Sun · 11.19 d
weight and pull: at least 1.07× Earth · ~1.0 g if Earth-density (radius unmeasured)
temperature: about 234 K (-39 °C) with no air; a thick air blanket could warm it to mild
water: unknown — possible if the planet kept its water
air: unknown; the star blasts it with 30–250 times Earth's ultraviolet and X-rays, which can strip the air
could we live there?: Maybe, on the twilight line, if it still has air

Proxima c

disputed · Small gas world

orbit: 1.5 Earth–Sun · 5.2 yr
weight and pull: at least 7× Earth · unknown
temperature: about 40 K (-233 °C) · frozen solid
water: ice only
air: hydrogen and helium, if the planet is real
could we live there?: No

how livable

Closest known world about Earth's weight, and it gets a similar amount of sunlight. One side likely always faces the star. Flares and the stellar wind are the main danger. We have not yet seen its air directly.

at c

4.25 yr

at 0.2 c

21 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

42 yr

Voyager-class

74,894 yr

~17 km/s

#02Centaurus

Rigil Kentaurus

α Centauri A · HD 128620

Good chance of a home

how far

4.3440 light-years

Hipparcos / Gaia; AB barycenter

kind of star

Almost a twin of our Sun. The brighter of the Alpha Centauri pair

G2V · 5,790 K (5,517 °C)

how old

5.3 billion years

1.079× the Sun's weight · 1.218× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 3.2 billion years

1.52× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

58%

1.1 – 1.8 AU

Closest Sun-like star. In 2024–2025 a telescope may have photographed a Saturn-sized gas world in the mild band. Later looks did not see it again — it may have moved behind the star. Rocky worlds closer in are still possible.

planets found

1 possible gas giant in the mild band (not confirmed)

α Cen Ab (S1)goldilocks

candidate · Saturn-mass gas giant

orbit: 1–2 (e ~ 0.4) Earth–Sun · 2–3 yr
weight and pull: at least 90× Earth · ~1–2.5 g at 1-bar if Saturn-like
temperature: about 225 K (-48 °C)
water: maybe in the clouds, or on moons we have not seen
air: mostly hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: The planet itself no; moons unknown

how livable

Light and lifetime are the most Earth-like of any neighbor. The companion star never comes closer than about 11 Earth–Sun distances, so planets inside about 2–3 of those distances can stay in stable orbits. A gas giant in the mild band would not be a home, but smaller rocky worlds closer in could still exist.

at c

4.34 yr

at 0.2 c

22 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

43 yr

Voyager-class

76,614 yr

~17 km/s

#03Centaurus

Toliman

α Centauri B · HD 128621

Good chance of a home

how far

4.3440 light-years

Same system as A, ~23 AU mean separation

kind of star

Orange star, a little cooler than the Sun. The dimmer Alpha Centauri companion

K1V · 5,260 K (4,987 °C)

how old

5.3 billion years

0.909× the Sun's weight · 0.859× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 8 billion years

0.5× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

52%

0.7 – 1.2 AU

An orange star's mild-temperature band is closer in and more stable than the Sun's. A 2012 claim of an Earth-sized planet was withdrawn in 2015. No planets are confirmed. Rocky worlds close to the star are still allowed.

planets found

None confirmed (2012 B b refuted)

how livable

A calm orange star with a longer future than Rigil Kentaurus or the Sun, and gentler ultraviolet. One of the best places nearby to hope for an Earth twin. None has been found yet.

at c

4.34 yr

at 0.2 c

22 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

43 yr

Voyager-class

76,614 yr

~17 km/s

#04Ophiuchus

Barnard's Star

GJ 699 · V2500 Oph

Not a home

how far

5.9629 light-years

Nearest single star; largest known proper motion

kind of star

Old, quiet, small red star. The nearest star that travels alone

M4.0V · 3,238 K (2,965 °C)

how old

10 ± 3 billion years

0.161× the Sun's weight · 0.187× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion yr

0.0035× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.06 – 0.16 AU (P = 10–42 d)

Four confirmed worlds, all smaller than Earth and all too close to the star to be mild. Searches rule out anything heavier than about half an Earth in the mild band. Only Mars-sized or smaller worlds could still be hiding there.

planets found

4 confirmed worlds smaller than Earth (d, b, c, e) — none in the mild band

Barnard d

confirmed · Smaller than Earth

orbit: 0.019 Earth–Sun · 2.34 d
weight and pull: at least 0.26× Earth · ~0.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 483 K (210 °C)
water: none expected
air: air gone (it could last at most 2 billion years; the system is 10 billion years old)
could we live there?: No

Barnard b

confirmed · Smaller than Earth

orbit: 0.023 Earth–Sun · 3.15 d
weight and pull: at least 0.3× Earth · ~0.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 438 K (165 °C) · about 7 times Earth's sunlight
water: none expected
air: air gone
could we live there?: No

Barnard c

confirmed · Smaller than Earth

orbit: 0.027 Earth–Sun · 4.12 d
weight and pull: at least 0.34× Earth · ~0.4 g if rocky
temperature: about 400 K (127 °C)
water: none expected
air: air gone
could we live there?: No

Barnard e

confirmed · Smaller than Earth

orbit: 0.038 Earth–Sun · 6.74 d
weight and pull: at least 0.19× Earth · ~0.2–0.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 340 K (67 °C) — still too close to be mild
water: the rock stores less than half as much water as Earth's does
air: air gone; little chance of a new one from the rock
could we live there?: No

how livable

A 2026 study called these worlds extremely unlivable. Their rock holds water poorly. All four keep one face toward the star and are baked. The air is gone.

at c

5.96 yr

at 0.2 c

30 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

60 yr

Voyager-class

105,166 yr

~17 km/s

#05Leo

Wolf 359

CN Leonis · GJ 406

Not a home

how far

7.8560 light-years

Fourth-nearest stellar system (after brown dwarfs)

kind of star

Very small, very cool red star with extreme flares

M6.0V · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

0.1 – 4 billion years (uncertain; very active)

0.11× the Sun's weight · 0.144× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion yr

0.0009× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.05 AU

Two possible planets from 2019 are not confirmed. One would be a hot rocky world. The other would be a gas world near the mild band, not an Earth. Huge flares are routine.

planets found

2 candidates, not confirmed

Wolf 359 c

candidate · Hot rocky world, bigger than Earth

orbit: 0.018 Earth–Sun · 2.7 d
weight and pull: at least 3.8× Earth · unknown
temperature: far too hot
water: none
air: stripped if real
could we live there?: No

Wolf 359 bgoldilocks

candidate · Small gas world

orbit: ~0.07 Earth–Sun · 43.9 d
weight and pull: at least 44× Earth · Neptune-class if real
temperature: near the outer edge of the mild band, if the orbit is real
water: ice under a gas blanket, not open oceans
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No — not an Earth-like world

how livable

One of the most flare-prone stars known. A huge flare was seen in 1977. Air like Earth's would be worn away. Not a place for life as we know it.

at c

7.86 yr

at 0.2 c

39 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

79 yr

Voyager-class

138,554 yr

~17 km/s

#06Ursa Major

Lalande 21185

GJ 411 · HD 95735

Unknown

how far

8.3044 light-years

Brightest red dwarf in the northern sky (V = 7.5)

kind of star

Small red star, fairly calm and old. Brightest red dwarf in the northern sky

M2.0V · 3,547 K (3,274 °C)

how old

5 – 10 billion years

0.389× the Sun's weight · 0.392× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

28%

0.14 – 0.28 AU

Two confirmed planets, neither in the mild band. The star is old and only moderately active, so an unseen rocky world in that band is still possible.

planets found

2 confirmed (b 2019, c 2021)

GJ 411 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world, bigger than Earth

orbit: 0.079 Earth–Sun · 12.95 d
weight and pull: at least 2.7× Earth · ~1.2–1.5 g if rocky
temperature: about 370–500 K (97 to 227 °C) · too close to be mild
water: steam / lost
air: uncertain; maybe a thin air of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, or none
could we live there?: No

GJ 411 c

confirmed · Cold small gas world

orbit: 2.8 Earth–Sun · 8.1 yr
weight and pull: at least 14× Earth · Neptune-class
temperature: about 100 K (-173 °C) or colder
water: likely locked as high-pressure ice
air: probably hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

The interesting empty space is the mild-temperature band. For a red star this old, conditions are among the gentler ones nearby. No Earth-like world has been seen. Not ruled out.

at c

8.30 yr

at 0.2 c

42 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

83 yr

Voyager-class

146,462 yr

~17 km/s

#07Canis Major

Sirius A

α Canis Majoris A · HD 48915

Not a home

how far

8.7090 light-years

Brightest star in the night sky (V = −1.46)

kind of star

Hot white star, much brighter than the Sun. Brightest star in the night sky

A0mA1Va · 9,940 K (9,667 °C)

how old

242 million years

2.063× the Sun's weight · 1.711× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 0.8 billion years

25.4× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

4 – 6 AU

A hot white star pours out ultraviolet that is hard on life. The mild band sits far out, and it was blasted when the companion star died and threw off its outer layers. No planets are known. Two stars this close make planets hard to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Harsh ultraviolet, less than a billion years of steady burning left, and a recent death-throes blast from the companion.

at c

8.71 yr

at 0.2 c

44 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

87 yr

Voyager-class

153,598 yr

~17 km/s

#08Canis Major

Sirius B

α Canis Majoris B · WD 0642−166

Not a home

how far

8.7090 light-years

Nearest dead star (a white dwarf)

kind of star

Dead star. Collapsed to about Earth size, still very hot

DA2 · 25,000 K (24,727 °C)

how old

dead for about 124 million years (it used to be a heavy blue star)

1.018× the Sun's weight · 0.0084× the Sun's size

time left

Only cooling down — no fuel left

0.056× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

It no longer burns hydrogen. Planets it once had were likely swallowed or thrown away when it swelled and died. Surface pull is about 350,000 times Earth's.

planets found

None

how livable

A dead star. It cannot offer a normal mild-temperature band.

at c

8.71 yr

at 0.2 c

44 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

87 yr

Voyager-class

153,598 yr

~17 km/s

#09Cetus

BL Ceti

Luyten 726-8 A · GJ 65 A

Unknown

how far

8.7700 light-years

Paired with UV Ceti; they orbit each other every 26.5 years

kind of star

Small red star that flares. Half of a close pair

M5.5Ve · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

≲ 1 billion years (binary flare system)

0.122× the Sun's weight · 0.165× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 4 trillion yr

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.03 – 0.08 AU

A planet around this star has been suggested, not confirmed. The companion swings in to about 2 Earth–Sun distances, which knocks out planets that orbit much farther than a fraction of that.

planets found

1 candidate around A, unconfirmed

GJ 65 A b

candidate · Uncertain

orbit: unknown Earth–Sun · unknown
weight and pull: unknown
temperature: unknown
water: unknown
air: unknown
could we live there?: Unknown

how livable

Unknown. Tight eccentric binary plus flares. Circumstellar planets would have to hug A; circumbinary planets are unlikely at this separation.

at c

8.77 yr

at 0.2 c

44 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

88 yr

Voyager-class

154,674 yr

~17 km/s

#10Cetus

UV Ceti

Luyten 726-8 B · GJ 65 B

Not a home

how far

8.7700 light-years

The star that gave flaring red stars their name

kind of star

Small red star with violent flares

M6.0Ve · 2,650 K (2,377 °C)

how old

≲ 1 billion years

0.116× the Sun's weight · 0.159× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion yr

0.0009× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.03 – 0.07 AU

The namesake of flaring red stars. A flare can make it several times brighter for a few minutes. No planets. The companion comes as close as about 2 Earth–Sun distances.

planets found

None

how livable

The textbook unfriendly red star. Air in the mild band would be stripped faster than around Proxima. Not a home.

at c

8.77 yr

at 0.2 c

44 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

88 yr

Voyager-class

154,674 yr

~17 km/s

#11Sagittarius

Ross 154

V1216 Sgr · GJ 729

Unknown

how far

9.7063 light-years

Nearest star in Sagittarius

kind of star

Small red star that flares. It travels alone

M3.5Ve · 3,340 K (3,067 °C)

how old

~1 billion years (active)

0.177× the Sun's weight · 0.2× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 800 billion years

0.0038× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

22%

0.07 – 0.15 AU

No planets found. It has no companion star, so orbits would be simple. Flares are the open question. An Earth-weight world in the mild band is not ruled out.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A single M3.5V at 9.7 ly is a plausible quiet-enough site if flares decay with age. Data are thin.

at c

9.71 yr

at 0.2 c

49 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

97 yr

Voyager-class

171,187 yr

~17 km/s

#12Andromeda

Ross 248

HH Andromedae · GJ 905

Unknown

how far

10.306 light-years

Will become the nearest star ~36 000 CE

kind of star

Small red star that flares. It travels alone

M5.5Ve · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

few billion years (uncertain)

0.136× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion yr

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

20%

0.03 – 0.08 AU

No planets known. Approaching the Sun: ~3.0 ly in about 36 000 years, closer than Proxima is today. That future geometry is unique among the 13.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A typical small red star that flares. We do not yet know if anything orbits in the mild band.

at c

10.31 yr

at 0.2 c

52 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

103 yr

Voyager-class

181,758 yr

~17 km/s

#13Eridanus

Ran

ε Eridani · GJ 144 · HD 22049

Good chance of a home

how far

10.475 light-years

Nearest orange star you can see with the naked eye

kind of star

Young orange star, cooler than the Sun

K2V · 5,084 K (4,811 °C)

how old

400 – 800 million years

0.82× the Sun's weight · 0.735× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 19 billion years

0.34× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

55%

0.5 – 1.0 AU

The closest young planetary system that looks a bit like ours. A Jupiter-like world, AEgir, orbits at 3.5 Earth–Sun distances. Dust belts suggest more planets. The mild band (0.5–1 Earth–Sun) has no confirmed world yet. An Earth-weight planet there is not ruled out.

planets found

1 confirmed (AEgir) + disk structure suggesting more

AEgir (ε Eri b)

confirmed · Jupiter-like gas giant

orbit: 3.53 Earth–Sun · 7.3 yr
weight and pull: at least 318× Earth · about 2.5 g, like Jupiter
temperature: about 150–200 K (-123 to -73 °C)
water: maybe in the clouds, or on moons
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: Planet no; moons unknown

how livable

The best nearby 'young solar system'. A rocky world near 0.6 Earth–Sun distances would get about as much light as Earth. The system is only about 0.8 billion years old, so comet impacts are still common and complex native life is unlikely. If a rocky world is in the mild band, it would be a relatively good place to settle.

at c

10.47 yr

at 0.2 c

52 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

105 yr

Voyager-class

184,744 yr

~17 km/s

#14Piscis Austrinus

Lacaille 9352

GJ 887

Unknown

how far

10.724 light-years

A bright red star in the southern sky

kind of star

One of the larger, calmer red stars nearby

M0.5V · 3,688 K (3,415 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.486× the Sun's weight · 0.47× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 100 billion years

0.039× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

32%

0.2 – 0.4 Earth–Sun

Two confirmed rocky worlds, both too close and too hot. A quieter star than most red dwarfs, so a world in the mild band is still possible. It has not been found.

planets found

2 confirmed (b, c), both too hot

Lacaille 9352 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world, bigger than Earth

orbit: 0.068 Earth–Sun · 9.3 d
weight and pull: at least 4.2× Earth · about 1.5 g if rocky
temperature: about 470 K (197 °C)
water: not as a liquid surface
air: uncertain; may be thin or gone
could we live there?: No

Lacaille 9352 c

confirmed · Hot rocky world, bigger than Earth

orbit: 0.12 Earth–Sun · 21.8 d
weight and pull: at least 7.6× Earth · about 1.8 g if rocky
temperature: about 350 K (77 °C)
water: steam, if any
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No — still inside the mild band

how livable

A relatively calm red star, which is a plus. The known planets are too hot. The mild band itself is unexplored.

at c

10.72 yr

at 0.2 c

54 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

107 yr

Voyager-class

189,136 yr

~17 km/s

#15Virgo

Ross 128

FI Virginis · GJ 447

Good chance of a home

how far

11.007 light-years

A quiet red star with a mild-band planet

kind of star

Small red star, quieter than Proxima

M4V · 3,192 K (2,919 °C)

how old

about 5–10 billion years

0.168× the Sun's weight · 0.197× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.0036× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

58%

0.04 – 0.09 Earth–Sun

Planet b is about Earth's weight and sits in the mild band. The star flares less than Proxima, so this is one of the better nearby chances.

planets found

1 confirmed (b), in the mild band

Ross 128 bgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world, a bit heavier than Earth

orbit: 0.05 Earth–Sun · 9.9 d
weight and pull: at least 1.4× Earth · about 1.1 g if rocky (size not measured)
temperature: about 280 K (7 °C) with little reflection
water: unknown — possible
air: unknown; a calmer star means a better chance the air survived
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

how livable

Often ranked just behind Proxima b as a nearby Earth-like candidate, and the star is gentler. One side may always face the star. Air and water are not yet seen.

at c

11.01 yr

at 0.2 c

55 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

110 yr

Voyager-class

194,127 yr

~17 km/s

#16Aquarius

EZ Aquarii A

Luyten 789-6 A · GJ 866 A

Not a home

how far

11.109 light-years

The brightest of a tight triple of red stars

kind of star

Small red star in a packed triple system

M5Ve · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

young, under about 1 billion years

0.12× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 4 trillion years

0.0008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable for planets

Three red stars orbit so close together that planets would be tossed around. Flares are common. No planets known.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. The three stars crowd the space where a mild planet would need to orbit.

at c

11.11 yr

at 0.2 c

56 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

111 yr

Voyager-class

195,926 yr

~17 km/s

#17Aquarius

EZ Aquarii B

Luyten 789-6 B · GJ 866 B

Not a home

how far

11.109 light-years

Close companion of EZ Aquarii A

kind of star

Small red star, glued to A in a few-day orbit

M5V · 2,650 K (2,377 °C)

how old

same age as A

0.11× the Sun's weight · 0.15× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 4 trillion years

0.0007× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable for planets

Too close to A for its own calm planetary system. No planets known.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Same crowded, flaring system as A.

at c

11.11 yr

at 0.2 c

56 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

111 yr

Voyager-class

195,926 yr

~17 km/s

#18Aquarius

EZ Aquarii C

Luyten 789-6 C · GJ 866 C

Not a home

how far

11.109 light-years

The third star, orbiting the A–B pair

kind of star

Small red star, the outer member of the triple

M5V · 2,600 K (2,327 °C)

how old

same age as A and B

0.1× the Sun's weight · 0.14× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable for planets

A bit farther from A and B, but still inside a chaotic triple. No planets known.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares plus two nearby stars.

at c

11.11 yr

at 0.2 c

56 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

111 yr

Voyager-class

195,926 yr

~17 km/s

#19Cygnus

61 Cygni A

GJ 820 A · HD 201091

Good chance of a home

how far

11.404 light-years

The first star whose distance was measured, in 1838

kind of star

Orange star, cooler and calmer than the Sun

K5V · 4,450 K (4,177 °C)

how old

about 6 billion years

0.7× the Sun's weight · 0.665× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.15× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

48%

0.4 – 0.8 Earth–Sun

An old orange star with a long future and gentler ultraviolet than the Sun. No planet is confirmed. This is the kind of star most likely to keep an Earth-like world.

planets found

None confirmed

how livable

Good star, empty census. Conditions for life would be relatively kind if a rocky world sits in the mild band. We have not found one.

at c

11.40 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

114 yr

Voyager-class

201,129 yr

~17 km/s

#20Cygnus

61 Cygni B

GJ 820 B · HD 201092

Good chance of a home

how far

11.404 light-years

The slightly cooler twin of 61 Cygni A

kind of star

Orange-red star, long-lived and fairly calm

K7V · 4,040 K (3,767 °C)

how old

about 6 billion years

0.63× the Sun's weight · 0.6× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 25 billion years

0.09× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

46%

0.3 – 0.6 Earth–Sun

Same advantages as A: a cool, long-lived star. A giant planet has been claimed and not confirmed. Rocky worlds in the mild band are not ruled out.

planets found

1 giant claimed, not confirmed

61 Cygni B b

candidate · Possible giant, not confirmed

orbit: unknown Earth–Sun · unknown
weight and pull: unknown
temperature: unknown
water: unknown
air: unknown
could we live there?: Unknown

how livable

A good long-term sun. No confirmed Earth-like world. The star itself is friendly enough to mark green.

at c

11.40 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

114 yr

Voyager-class

201,129 yr

~17 km/s

#21Canis Minor

Procyon A

α Canis Minoris A

Not a home

how far

11.463 light-years

A bright star you can see in winter, near Sirius

kind of star

Hot white-yellow star, already aging off a steady adult life

F5IV-V · 6,530 K (6,257 °C)

how old

1.9 billion years

1.5× the Sun's weight · 2.05× the Sun's size

time left

under 1 billion years

6.9× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

2 – 4 Earth–Sun

Much hotter and brighter than the Sun, with stronger ultraviolet. It is already swelling toward old age. A dead-star companion likely disturbed or destroyed planets. None are known.

planets found

None

how livable

Too hot, too bright in ultraviolet, and too short-lived. Not a good home.

at c

11.46 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

115 yr

Voyager-class

202,169 yr

~17 km/s

#22Canis Minor

Procyon B

α Canis Minoris B

Not a home

how far

11.463 light-years

The dead companion of Procyon A

kind of star

Dead star, cooler than Sirius B but still a remnant

DQZ · 7,740 K (7,467 °C)

how old

dead for about 1.4 billion years

0.6× the Sun's weight · 0.012× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.0006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A collapsed dead star. Anything that orbited it before it died was likely swallowed or ejected.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left to burn.

at c

11.46 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

115 yr

Voyager-class

202,169 yr

~17 km/s

#23Draco

Struve 2398 A

GJ 725 A · HD 173739

Unknown

how far

11.491 light-years

The brighter of a red pair in the north

kind of star

Small red star in a wide, calm pair

M3V · 3,440 K (3,167 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.334× the Sun's weight · 0.35× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.015× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

24%

0.1 – 0.25 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planets. The companion is far enough that worlds around A can be stable. Flares are moderate. The mild band is not ruled out.

planets found

None confirmed

how livable

Unknown. A reasonable red star, not a known home and not a known dead end.

at c

11.49 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

115 yr

Voyager-class

202,663 yr

~17 km/s

#24Draco

Struve 2398 B

GJ 725 B · HD 173740

Unknown

how far

11.491 light-years

The dimmer companion of Struve 2398 A

kind of star

Small red star, paired with A

M3.5V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.248× the Sun's weight · 0.27× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 400 billion years

0.007× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

22%

0.08 – 0.16 Earth–Sun

Two planets have been claimed and later doubted. Nothing is confirmed. The mild band is still open.

planets found

2 claimed, not confirmed

Struve 2398 B planets

disputed · Claimed, not confirmed

orbit: disputed Earth–Sun · disputed
weight and pull: unknown
temperature: unknown
water: unknown
air: unknown
could we live there?: Unknown

how livable

Unknown until the claimed planets are settled one way or the other.

at c

11.49 yr

at 0.2 c

57 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

115 yr

Voyager-class

202,663 yr

~17 km/s

#25Andromeda

GX Andromedae

Groombridge 34 A · GJ 15 A

Unknown

how far

11.619 light-years

The brighter star of Groombridge 34

kind of star

Larger red star, fairly quiet, with two known planets

M1.5V · 3,607 K (3,334 °C)

how old

about 5 billion years or more

0.38× the Sun's weight · 0.38× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.022× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

26%

0.15 – 0.3 Earth–Sun

Two planets are known, one too hot and one very cold. The mild band between them has not been cleared. A rocky world could still sit there.

planets found

2 confirmed, neither in the mild band

GJ 15 A b

confirmed · Hot rocky world, bigger than Earth

orbit: 0.072 Earth–Sun · 11.4 d
weight and pull: at least 3× Earth · about 1.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 400 K (127 °C)
water: not stable as a surface ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

GJ 15 A c

confirmed · Cold gas world

orbit: 5.4 Earth–Sun · about 21 yr
weight and pull: at least 36× Earth · Neptune-like or heavier
temperature: about 50 K (-223 °C)
water: ice
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

The star is a decent red dwarf. The known planets are the wrong temperature. The gap between them is the open question.

at c

11.62 yr

at 0.2 c

58 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

116 yr

Voyager-class

204,921 yr

~17 km/s

#26Andromeda

GQ Andromedae

Groombridge 34 B · GJ 15 B

Unknown

how far

11.619 light-years

The flaring companion of GX Andromedae

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M3.5Ve · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

same family as GX Andromedae

0.16× the Sun's weight · 0.18× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.003× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

14%

0.06 – 0.12 Earth–Sun

No planets known. Flares make air harder to keep. Not ruled out, not promising.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and less friendly than its companion because of flares.

at c

11.62 yr

at 0.2 c

58 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

116 yr

Voyager-class

204,921 yr

~17 km/s

#27Cancer

DX Cancri

GJ 1111

Not a home

how far

11.680 light-years

A tiny, very active red star

kind of star

Tiny red star with strong flares

M6.5Ve · 2,840 K (2,567 °C)

how old

uncertain; very active

0.09× the Sun's weight · 0.12× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.0006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.05 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band is extremely close to a star that flares hard. Air would be difficult to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Same problem as Wolf 359: a tiny mild band next to a violent star.

at c

11.68 yr

at 0.2 c

58 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

117 yr

Voyager-class

205,996 yr

~17 km/s

#28Indus

Epsilon Indi

ε Indi A · HD 209100

Good chance of a home

how far

11.867 light-years

An orange star you can see from the southern sky

kind of star

Orange star, cooler than the Sun, with a long future

K5V · 4,630 K (4,357 °C)

how old

about 4 billion years

0.76× the Sun's weight · 0.73× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.22× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

44%

0.4 – 0.8 Earth–Sun

A confirmed giant planet orbits far outside the mild band. The band itself is empty in current data. The star is the right temperature and age for an Earth-like world.

planets found

1 confirmed giant (Ab), far outside the mild band

Epsilon Indi Ab

confirmed · Cold giant, a few times Jupiter

orbit: 11.6 Earth–Sun · about 45 yr
weight and pull: at least 1000× Earth · Jupiter-like or stronger
temperature: about 50 K (-223 °C)
water: ice, not oceans
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

The giant is a frozen gas world. The star itself is a good long-term sun. A rocky world in the mild band would have relatively kind conditions. None is confirmed.

at c

11.87 yr

at 0.2 c

59 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

119 yr

Voyager-class

209,295 yr

~17 km/s

#29Cetus

Tau Ceti

τ Ceti · HD 10700

Good chance of a home

how far

11.912 light-years

The nearest single Sun-like star you can see with the naked eye

kind of star

Yellow-orange star, a quieter, smaller cousin of the Sun

G8V · 5,344 K (5,071 °C)

how old

about 5.8 billion years

0.78× the Sun's weight · 0.79× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 8 billion years

0.52× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

50%

0.6 – 1.2 Earth–Sun

Several planets are suspected. Planet f, if real, sits in the mild band and is a few times Earth's weight. A huge comet belt means more impacts than Earth gets.

planets found

4 suspected (e, f, g, h); f may be in the mild band

Tau Ceti e

candidate · Rocky or water world, a few times Earth

orbit: 0.54 Earth–Sun · 163 d
weight and pull: at least 3.9× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 330 K (57 °C) · inner edge, likely hot
water: possible, maybe steam
air: unknown
could we live there?: Unlikely — too warm

Tau Ceti fgoldilocks

candidate · Possible mild-band world, a few times Earth

orbit: 1.33 Earth–Sun · 636 d
weight and pull: at least 3.9× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 250 K (-23 °C) with no air; air could warm it
water: possible
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if the planet is real and has air

how livable

A Sun-like star of a good age. Planet f is the interesting one, but it is not fully confirmed. The comet belt is much heavier than ours, so impacts are a real hazard.

at c

11.91 yr

at 0.2 c

60 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

119 yr

Voyager-class

210,088 yr

~17 km/s

#30Horologium

GJ 1061

LHS 1565

Good chance of a home

how far

11.984 light-years

A quiet little red star with three rocky planets

kind of star

Small red star, calmer than most of its size

M5.5V · 2,953 K (2,680 °C)

how old

more than a few billion years

0.12× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0017× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

56%

0.04 – 0.08 Earth–Sun

Three worlds near Earth's weight. Planet d sits in the mild band. The star is quieter than Proxima, which improves the chance that air survived.

planets found

3 confirmed (b, c, d); d is in the mild band

GJ 1061 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.021 Earth–Sun · 3.2 d
weight and pull: at least 1.4× Earth · about 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 450 K (177 °C)
water: not liquid on the surface
air: likely thin or gone
could we live there?: No

GJ 1061 c

confirmed · Rocky world on the hot edge

orbit: 0.035 Earth–Sun · 6.7 d
weight and pull: at least 1.7× Earth · about 1.2 g if rocky
temperature: about 320 K (47 °C)
water: uncertain; maybe steam
air: unknown
could we live there?: Borderline — probably too hot

GJ 1061 dgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.054 Earth–Sun · 13.0 d
weight and pull: at least 1.6× Earth · about 1.2 g if rocky
temperature: about 218 K (-55 °C) with no air; air could warm it
water: unknown — possible
air: unknown; a quieter star helps
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

how livable

One of the best nearby Earth-weight worlds in a mild band, after Proxima b and Ross 128 b. Still no direct look at air or water. One face may always point at the star.

at c

11.98 yr

at 0.2 c

60 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

120 yr

Voyager-class

211,358 yr

~17 km/s

#31Cetus

YZ Ceti

GJ 54.1

Unknown

how far

12.122 light-years

A small red star that flares, with three rocky worlds

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4.5V · 3,056 K (2,783 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.13× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.002× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.04 – 0.08 Earth–Sun

Three rocky worlds, all too close and too hot. The mild band itself has not been ruled out, but flares make air hard to keep.

planets found

3 confirmed (b, c, d), all too hot

YZ Ceti b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.016 Earth–Sun · 2.0 d
weight and pull: at least 0.75× Earth · about 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 347–491 K (74 to 218 °C)
water: not liquid on the surface
air: likely thin or gone
could we live there?: No

YZ Ceti c

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.022 Earth–Sun · 3.1 d
weight and pull: at least 0.98× Earth · about 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 299–423 K (26 to 150 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

YZ Ceti d

confirmed · Rocky world, still too warm

orbit: 0.028 Earth–Sun · 4.7 d
weight and pull: at least 1.14× Earth · about 1.1 g if rocky
temperature: about 260–368 K (-13 to 95 °C)
water: steam, if any
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No — outside the mild band

how livable

The known worlds are baked. A quieter orbit farther out is still possible, but this is a flaring star.

at c

12.12 yr

at 0.2 c

61 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

121 yr

Voyager-class

213,792 yr

~17 km/s

#32Canis Minor

Luyten's Star

GJ 273

Good chance of a home

how far

12.349 light-years

A red star with a rocky world in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star, heavier than Proxima

M3.5V · 3,382 K (3,109 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.29× the Sun's weight · 0.293× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.0088× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

52%

0.08 – 0.18 Earth–Sun

Planet b is a few times Earth's weight and sits in the mild band. A smaller inner world is too hot. Two colder worlds are only candidates.

planets found

2 confirmed (b, c); b is in the mild band

Luyten c

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.036 Earth–Sun · 4.7 d
weight and pull: at least 1.18× Earth · about 1.1 g if rocky
temperature: too hot for the mild band
water: steam, if any
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

Luyten bgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world, a few times Earth, in the mild band

orbit: 0.091 Earth–Sun · 18.6 d
weight and pull: at least 2.89× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 206–293 K (-67 to 20 °C)
water: possible
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

how livable

One of the better nearby chances: a confirmed rocky world getting roughly Earth-like warmth. Air and water have not been seen. One face may always point at the star.

at c

12.35 yr

at 0.2 c

62 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

123 yr

Voyager-class

217,795 yr

~17 km/s

#33Aries

Teegarden's Star

SO J025300.5+165258

Good chance of a home

how far

12.497 light-years

A quiet tiny red star with two mild-band worlds

kind of star

Tiny red star, old and fairly calm

M6.5V · 3,034 K (2,761 °C)

how old

more than 8 billion years

0.097× the Sun's weight · 0.12× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.00072× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

64%

0.02 – 0.05 Earth–Sun

Planets b and c are about Earth's weight and sit in the mild band. A 2025 climate study finds b can stay below a runaway hothouse. Planet d, found in 2024, is farther out and frozen.

planets found

3 confirmed (b, c, d); b and c in the mild band

Teegarden bgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.026 Earth–Sun · 4.9 d
weight and pull: at least 1.16× Earth · about 1.1 g if rocky
temperature: about 280 K (7 °C) if it reflects like Earth
water: unknown — possible
air: unknown; the star is calmer than Proxima
could we live there?: Possible — one of the best nearby targets

Teegarden cgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world on the cool edge

orbit: 0.046 Earth–Sun · 11.4 d
weight and pull: at least 1.05× Earth · about 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 200 K (-73 °C) with no air; air could warm it
water: possible, maybe ice
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it has a warm air blanket

Teegarden d

confirmed · Small rocky world, frozen

orbit: 0.079 Earth–Sun · 26.1 d
weight and pull: at least 0.82× Earth · a bit under 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 150 K (-123 °C) · icy
water: ice
air: likely thin
could we live there?: No

how livable

Among the strongest nearby hopes, with Proxima b and Ross 128 b. Two Earth-weight worlds in the mild band, around a quiet old star. Air is still unseen, and b sits near the hot edge.

at c

12.50 yr

at 0.2 c

62 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

125 yr

Voyager-class

220,406 yr

~17 km/s

#34Pictor

Kapteyn's Star

GJ 191

Unknown

how far

12.831 light-years

An old, fast-moving star from the galaxy's halo

kind of star

Old red star, poor in heavy elements

M1.5VI · 3,550 K (3,277 °C)

how old

about 11 billion years

0.281× the Sun's weight · 0.29× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 100 billion years

0.012× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

Two planets claimed in 2014 were withdrawn. The star is calm and very old, but it has few of the heavy elements rocky worlds are made from. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

2 claimed in 2014, both withdrawn

how livable

Unknown. A long-lived, quiet star, but a poor mix of rock-building elements and no confirmed planets.

at c

12.83 yr

at 0.2 c

64 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

128 yr

Voyager-class

226,296 yr

~17 km/s

#35Microscopium

Lacaille 8760

AX Microscopii · GJ 825

Unknown

how far

12.947 light-years

The brightest red dwarf in the night sky

kind of star

Large red star that sometimes flares

M0V · 3,700 K (3,427 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.6× the Sun's weight · 0.51× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 80 billion years

0.07× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

30%

0.25 – 0.5 Earth–Sun

No planets found. This is a bigger, brighter red star, so the mild band is wider than around Proxima. Flares are the open risk.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A decent red star with no known worlds and occasional flares.

at c

12.95 yr

at 0.2 c

65 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

129 yr

Voyager-class

228,342 yr

~17 km/s

#36Pavo

SCR 1845

SCR 1845−6357 A

Not a home

how far

13.064 light-years

A very cool red star with a failed-star companion

kind of star

Tiny, very cool red star

M8.5V · 2,600 K (2,327 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.07× the Sun's weight · 0.1× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0004× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.04 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band is extremely close to a dim, active star. The companion is a failed star, not a planet.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too cool, too dim, and too tight a mild band.

at c

13.06 yr

at 0.2 c

65 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

131 yr

Voyager-class

230,406 yr

~17 km/s

#37Cepheus

Kruger 60 A

GJ 860 A · HD 239960

Unknown

how far

13.072 light-years

The calmer star of a red pair

kind of star

Small red star in a pair

M3V · 3,180 K (2,907 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.271× the Sun's weight · 0.35× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 300 billion years

0.01× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

No planets known. The companion, a flaring red star, comes within a few Earth–Sun distances, which crowds the outer orbits.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. The star itself is ordinary. The flaring companion is the problem.

at c

13.07 yr

at 0.2 c

65 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

131 yr

Voyager-class

230,547 yr

~17 km/s

#38Cepheus

Kruger 60 B

DO Cephei · GJ 860 B

Not a home

how far

13.072 light-years

The flaring half of Kruger 60

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4V · 2,900 K (2,627 °C)

how old

same age as Kruger 60 A

0.176× the Sun's weight · 0.24× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 800 billion years

0.004× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.06 – 0.12 Earth–Sun

A known flare star. No planets. Air in the mild band would be hard to keep, and the companion crowds the system.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares plus a nearby second star.

at c

13.07 yr

at 0.2 c

65 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

131 yr

Voyager-class

230,547 yr

~17 km/s

#39Antlia

DENIS 1048

DENIS J1048−3956

Not a home

how far

13.193 light-years

A very cool, very dim red star

kind of star

Tiny red star, barely warmer than a failed star

M8.5V · 2,500 K (2,227 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.08× the Sun's weight · 0.1× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0003× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.015 – 0.03 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band sits right against a very cool star. Not a place for an Earth-like climate.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too dim and too cool.

at c

13.19 yr

at 0.2 c

66 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

132 yr

Voyager-class

232,681 yr

~17 km/s

#40Monoceros

Ross 614 A

GJ 234 A · V577 Monocerotis

Unknown

how far

13.363 light-years

The brighter star of a close red pair

kind of star

Small red star that flares, with a close companion

M4.5V · 3,100 K (2,827 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.223× the Sun's weight · 0.25× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 500 billion years

0.005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

0.07 – 0.14 Earth–Sun

No planets known. The companion orbits close enough to disturb wide planets. Flares add risk. The mild band is not fully closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and not promising. A tight pair of flaring red stars.

at c

13.36 yr

at 0.2 c

67 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

134 yr

Voyager-class

235,679 yr

~17 km/s

#41Monoceros

Ross 614 B

GJ 234 B

Unknown

how far

13.363 light-years

The dim companion of Ross 614 A

kind of star

Smaller red star, paired with A

M5.5V · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

same age as Ross 614 A

0.111× the Sun's weight · 0.15× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable or very close-in

No planets. Any world here would also feel the pull of A. Not ruled out, not likely.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Weaker candidate than A.

at c

13.36 yr

at 0.2 c

67 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

134 yr

Voyager-class

235,679 yr

~17 km/s

#42Ophiuchus

Wolf 1061

GJ 628

Good chance of a home

how far

14.050 light-years

A red star with a rocky world in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star, fairly quiet

M3V · 3,342 K (3,069 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.294× the Sun's weight · 0.307× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.01× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

50%

0.08 – 0.18 Earth–Sun

Three planets. The middle one, c, is a few times Earth's weight and sits in the mild band. The inner world is too hot. The outer one is a cold gas world.

planets found

3 confirmed (b, c, d); c is in the mild band

Wolf 1061 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.038 Earth–Sun · 4.9 d
weight and pull: at least 1.9× Earth · about 1.2 g if rocky
temperature: about 400 K (127 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

Wolf 1061 cgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.089 Earth–Sun · 17.9 d
weight and pull: at least 3.4× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 270 K (-3 °C)
water: possible
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

Wolf 1061 d

confirmed · Cold gas world

orbit: 0.47 Earth–Sun · 217 d
weight and pull: at least 7.7× Earth · heavier than Earth
temperature: about 120 K (-153 °C)
water: ice
air: likely hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

Planet c is a real mild-band candidate, though it is heavier than Earth and may be a water world or a thin-air rock. The star is calmer than the tiniest red dwarfs.

at c

14.05 yr

at 0.2 c

70 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

141 yr

Voyager-class

247,795 yr

~17 km/s

#43Pisces

van Maanen's Star

GJ 35

Not a home

how far

14.072 light-years

The nearest dead star that travels alone

kind of star

Dead star. Collapsed, still warm, no fuel left

DZ7 · 6,220 K (5,947 °C)

how old

dead for about 4 billion years

0.68× the Sun's weight · 0.011× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.0002× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A dead star. Any planets it had were likely lost when it swelled and died. Dust around it may be leftover debris.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left to burn.

at c

14.07 yr

at 0.2 c

70 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

141 yr

Voyager-class

248,183 yr

~17 km/s

#44Sculptor

Gliese 1

GJ 1 · HD 225213

Unknown

how far

14.175 light-years

An old red star racing through the galaxy

kind of star

Larger red star, old and fairly calm

M1.5V · 3,600 K (3,327 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.39× the Sun's weight · 0.4× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

28%

0.14 – 0.28 Earth–Sun

No planets found. For a red star it is relatively large and calm, so a mild-band world is still plausible.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A reasonable long-lived sun with an empty census.

at c

14.18 yr

at 0.2 c

71 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

142 yr

Voyager-class

250,000 yr

~17 km/s

#45Aries

TZ Arietis

GJ 83.1 · L 1159-16

Unknown

how far

14.578 light-years

A flaring red star with cold gas worlds

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4.5V · 3,193 K (2,920 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.14× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.0014× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

0.03 – 0.06 Earth–Sun

One confirmed planet is a cold gas world, far outside the mild band. A second, heavier and colder, is also reported. The mild band itself is still unchecked.

planets found

1 confirmed cold gas world (b); a second claimed (c)

TZ Arietis b

confirmed · Cold gas world

orbit: 0.40 Earth–Sun · 242 d
weight and pull: at least 31× Earth · Neptune-like or heavier
temperature: about 80 K (-193 °C)
water: ice
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

Unknown. The known planet is a frozen gas world. Flares make the mild band less friendly.

at c

14.58 yr

at 0.2 c

73 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

146 yr

Voyager-class

257,108 yr

~17 km/s

#46Virgo

Wolf 424 A

GJ 473 A

Not a home

how far

14.595 light-years

One of a tight pair of flaring red stars

kind of star

Small red star that flares, locked to a twin

M5.5Ve · 2,900 K (2,627 °C)

how old

young or active

0.143× the Sun's weight · 0.17× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.0015× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable for planets

No planets. Two flaring stars orbit each other closely. Worlds would be tossed or stripped of air.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares and a crowded orbit.

at c

14.60 yr

at 0.2 c

73 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

146 yr

Voyager-class

257,407 yr

~17 km/s

#47Virgo

Wolf 424 B

GJ 473 B

Not a home

how far

14.595 light-years

The slightly cooler twin of Wolf 424 A

kind of star

Tiny red star that flares

M7Ve · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

same age as Wolf 424 A

0.131× the Sun's weight · 0.14× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.0008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable for planets

Same crowded, flaring system as A. No planets known.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home.

at c

14.60 yr

at 0.2 c

73 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

146 yr

Voyager-class

257,407 yr

~17 km/s

#48Draco

Gliese 687

GJ 687

Unknown

how far

14.840 light-years

A red star with two gas worlds, neither mild

kind of star

Small red star, fairly quiet

M3V · 3,413 K (3,140 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.401× the Sun's weight · 0.418× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 100 billion years

0.021× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

22%

0.14 – 0.28 Earth–Sun

Two planets, both small gas worlds. One is too warm, one is cold. A rocky world in the gap has not been found and has not been ruled out.

planets found

2 confirmed gas worlds (b, c), neither Earth-like

Gliese 687 b

confirmed · Warm gas world

orbit: 0.16 Earth–Sun · 38 d
weight and pull: at least 17× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 260 K (-13 °C) · still a gas world
water: not an open ocean
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

Gliese 687 c

confirmed · Cold gas world

orbit: 1.16 Earth–Sun · 727 d
weight and pull: at least 16× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 90 K (-183 °C)
water: ice
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

Unknown. The star is decent. The known planets are the wrong kind of world.

at c

14.84 yr

at 0.2 c

74 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

148 yr

Voyager-class

261,728 yr

~17 km/s

#49Ara

Gliese 674

GJ 674

Unknown

how far

14.849 light-years

A red star with one hot gas world

kind of star

Small red star

M3V · 3,404 K (3,131 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.35× the Sun's weight · 0.36× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.016× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

20%

0.12 – 0.24 Earth–Sun

One known planet is a hot gas world, well inside the mild band. Rocky worlds farther out are not ruled out.

planets found

1 confirmed (b), too hot

Gliese 674 b

confirmed · Hot gas world

orbit: 0.039 Earth–Sun · 4.7 d
weight and pull: at least 11× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 450 K (177 °C)
water: not liquid on a surface
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

Unknown. The known world is too hot and too gassy. The mild band is still open.

at c

14.85 yr

at 0.2 c

74 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

148 yr

Voyager-class

261,887 yr

~17 km/s

#50Sextans

LHS 292

GJ 3622

Not a home

how far

14.871 light-years

A tiny red star that flares

kind of star

Tiny red star with strong flares

M6.5V · 2,650 K (2,377 °C)

how old

uncertain; very active

0.083× the Sun's weight · 0.11× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 3 trillion years

0.0006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.05 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band is very close to a star that flares hard. Air would be difficult to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Same problem as Wolf 359 and DX Cancri.

at c

14.87 yr

at 0.2 c

74 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

149 yr

Voyager-class

262,275 yr

~17 km/s

#51Musca

Gliese 440

GJ 440 · LP 145-141

Not a home

how far

15.123 light-years

A lone dead star

kind of star

Dead star. Collapsed, still warm, no fuel left

DQ6 · 8,490 K (8,217 °C)

how old

dead for more than a billion years

0.75× the Sun's weight · 0.01× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.0005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A dead star. Any planets it had were likely lost when it swelled and died.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left to burn.

at c

15.12 yr

at 0.2 c

76 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

151 yr

Voyager-class

266,720 yr

~17 km/s

#52Draco

GJ 1245 A

G 208-44 A

Unknown

how far

15.200 light-years

The brightest of a flaring red triple

kind of star

Small red star that flares, in a triple

M5.5V · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

uncertain; very active

0.11× the Sun's weight · 0.14× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

10%

crowded by the other two stars

No planets. Three flaring red stars share the system. Worlds would be hard to keep stable.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and not promising. Flares plus two nearby stars.

at c

15.20 yr

at 0.2 c

76 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

152 yr

Voyager-class

268,078 yr

~17 km/s

#53Draco

GJ 1245 B

G 208-44 B

Not a home

how far

15.200 light-years

The close companion of GJ 1245 A

kind of star

Tiny red star that flares

M6V · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

same age as GJ 1245 A

0.1× the Sun's weight · 0.12× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 3 trillion years

0.0007× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable next to A

No planets. It orbits A too closely for a calm mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares and a star right next door.

at c

15.20 yr

at 0.2 c

76 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

152 yr

Voyager-class

268,078 yr

~17 km/s

#54Draco

GJ 1245 C

G 208-45

Unknown

how far

15.200 light-years

The third star of the GJ 1245 triple

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M5.5V · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

same age as GJ 1245 A

0.08× the Sun's weight · 0.11× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 4 trillion years

0.0005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

very close-in, and the other stars tug

No planets. A bit farther from the A–B pair, but still a flaring tiny star.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A weak candidate.

at c

15.20 yr

at 0.2 c

76 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

152 yr

Voyager-class

268,078 yr

~17 km/s

#55Aquarius

Gliese 876

GJ 876

Unknown

how far

15.238 light-years

A red star with four planets, two of them gas giants in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star, fairly quiet

M3.5V · 3,201 K (2,928 °C)

how old

uncertain, from 100 million to about 10 billion years

0.346× the Sun's weight · 0.372× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.013× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

14%

0.12 – 0.22 Earth–Sun

Four planets. Two are gas giants sitting in the mild band, so there is little room left for an Earth-like rock. Moons of those giants are an unproven maybe. The inner world is a hot super-Earth. The outer one is a cold mini-Neptune.

planets found

4 confirmed (d, c, b, e). No Earth-like rock in the mild band

Gliese 876 d

confirmed · Hot super-Earth

orbit: 0.021 Earth–Sun · 1.9 d
weight and pull: at least 6.7× Earth · several times Earth's if rocky
temperature: about 600 K (327 °C)
water: not liquid on the surface
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

Gliese 876 c

confirmed · Gas giant in the mild band

orbit: 0.131 Earth–Sun · 30 d
weight and pull: at least 235× Earth · Jupiter-like
temperature: about 240 K (-33 °C) · gas world
water: not an open ocean
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No solid surface. A moon, if one exists, is unproven

Gliese 876 b

confirmed · Gas giant in the mild band

orbit: 0.210 Earth–Sun · 61 d
weight and pull: at least 750× Earth · heavier than Jupiter
temperature: about 190 K (-83 °C) · gas world
water: not an open ocean
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No solid surface

Gliese 876 e

confirmed · Cold mini-Neptune

orbit: 0.336 Earth–Sun · 124 d
weight and pull: at least 16× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 150 K (-123 °C)
water: ice
air: likely hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

A famous planet system, but the wrong kind of worlds. The mild band is taken by gas giants. Not an Earth-like home unless a moon turns up.

at c

15.24 yr

at 0.2 c

76 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

152 yr

Voyager-class

268,748 yr

~17 km/s

#56Carina

LHS 288

GJ 3618

Unknown

how far

15.759 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M5.5V · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.11× the Sun's weight · 0.14× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.03 – 0.06 Earth–Sun

No planets found. The mild band is close-in, as usual for a small red star, and has not been ruled out.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. An ordinary small red star with an empty census.

at c

15.76 yr

at 0.2 c

79 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

158 yr

Voyager-class

277,937 yr

~17 km/s

#57Cetus

GJ 1002

LHS 2

Good chance of a home

how far

15.806 light-years

A small red star with two rocky worlds in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star, fairly quiet

M5.5V · 3,024 K (2,751 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.12× the Sun's weight · 0.137× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.0014× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

58%

0.04 – 0.08 Earth–Sun

Two confirmed rocky worlds, both in the mild band. Planet b gets about two-thirds of Earth's sunlight. Planet c is cooler. Air has not been seen.

planets found

2 confirmed (b, c), both in the mild band

GJ 1002 bgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.046 Earth–Sun · 10.3 d
weight and pull: at least 1.08× Earth · about 1 g if rocky
temperature: about 231 K (-42 °C) without a thick air blanket
water: possible, maybe ice
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

GJ 1002 cgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world on the cool edge

orbit: 0.074 Earth–Sun · 21.2 d
weight and pull: at least 1.36× Earth · about 1.1 g if rocky
temperature: about 182 K (-91 °C) without air; air could warm it
water: possible, likely frozen without air
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it has a warm air blanket

how livable

One of the better hopes past 15 light-years. Two near-Earth-weight worlds in the mild band. Still no air or water detected, and one face may always point at the star.

at c

15.81 yr

at 0.2 c

79 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

158 yr

Voyager-class

278,765 yr

~17 km/s

#58Ursa Major

Groombridge 1618

GJ 380

Unknown

how far

15.886 light-years

An orange-red star that sometimes flares

kind of star

Orange-red star, a bit smaller than the Sun, that flares

K7.5Ve · 3,970 K (3,697 °C)

how old

about 7 billion years

0.67× the Sun's weight · 0.605× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.08× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

32%

0.25 – 0.5 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. A cold dust ring sits far out. A gas-giant candidate in the mild band was claimed and not confirmed. This kind of star is otherwise a good long-lived sun.

planets found

None confirmed. One unconfirmed gas-giant candidate. A cold dust ring

how livable

Unknown. A decent long-lived star, but it flares, and the only planet claim is unconfirmed.

at c

15.89 yr

at 0.2 c

79 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

159 yr

Voyager-class

280,176 yr

~17 km/s

#59Ursa Major

Gliese 412 A

GJ 412 A

Unknown

how far

15.997 light-years

The calmer star of a wide red pair

kind of star

Larger red star

M1V · 3,520 K (3,247 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.4× the Sun's weight · 0.4× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

26%

0.14 – 0.28 Earth–Sun

No planets known. The flaring companion is far enough that it does not wreck the mild band around A.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A reasonable red star. The companion is the problem child, not this one.

at c

16.00 yr

at 0.2 c

80 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

160 yr

Voyager-class

282,134 yr

~17 km/s

#60Ursa Major

Gliese 412 B

WX Ursae Majoris

Not a home

how far

15.997 light-years

A strong flare star beside Gliese 412 A

kind of star

Small red star with strong flares

M5.5V · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

same age as Gliese 412 A

0.15× the Sun's weight · 0.16× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.03 – 0.06 Earth–Sun

A known violent flare star. No planets. Air in the mild band would be hard to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares are the main threat.

at c

16.00 yr

at 0.2 c

80 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

160 yr

Voyager-class

282,134 yr

~17 km/s

#61Leo

AD Leonis

GJ 388

Not a home

how far

16.194 light-years

One of the most violent nearby flare stars

kind of star

Small red star with extreme flares

M3.5Ve · 3,390 K (3,117 °C)

how old

a few hundred million years

0.42× the Sun's weight · 0.39× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 100 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.12 – 0.24 Earth–Sun

A planet claimed here was withdrawn. The star throws flares strong enough to strip air from a close world.

planets found

1 claimed, later withdrawn

how livable

Not a home. Too active.

at c

16.19 yr

at 0.2 c

81 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

162 yr

Voyager-class

285,608 yr

~17 km/s

#62Grus

Gliese 832

GJ 832

Unknown

how far

16.201 light-years

A red star with a cold gas giant

kind of star

Larger red star, fairly quiet

M1.5V · 3,539 K (3,266 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.45× the Sun's weight · 0.45× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 120 billion years

0.028× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

24%

0.15 – 0.3 Earth–Sun

One confirmed planet is a cold gas giant, far outside the mild band. A rocky world claimed in the mild band was later withdrawn. The mild band is open again.

planets found

1 confirmed cold gas giant (b). A mild-band world (c) was withdrawn

Gliese 832 b

confirmed · Cold gas giant

orbit: 3.65 Earth–Sun · 10.4 years
weight and pull: at least 330× Earth · Jupiter-like
temperature: about 50 K (-223 °C)
water: ice
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

how livable

Unknown. The star is a decent red sun. The known planet is a frozen giant. The mild band is not closed.

at c

16.20 yr

at 0.2 c

81 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

162 yr

Voyager-class

285,732 yr

~17 km/s

#63Scorpius

Gliese 682

GJ 682

Unknown

how far

16.333 light-years

A small red star with disputed planet claims

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.27× the Sun's weight · 0.3× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 400 billion years

0.008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.08 – 0.16 Earth–Sun

Two planets were claimed in 2014 and have not been confirmed. Treat the system as empty until a second team agrees.

planets found

2 claimed in 2014, not confirmed

how livable

Unknown. Do not count the 2014 claims as real yet.

at c

16.33 yr

at 0.2 c

82 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

163 yr

Voyager-class

288,060 yr

~17 km/s

#64Eridanus

40 Eridani A

Keid · o² Eridani A

Unknown

how far

16.333 light-years

An orange star, calmer and longer-lived than the Sun

kind of star

Orange star, a little smaller and cooler than the Sun

K0.5V · 5,126 K (4,853 °C)

how old

about 7 billion years

0.78× the Sun's weight · 0.804× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 10 billion years

0.4× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

40%

0.6 – 1.1 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. A wobble once blamed on a planet is now blamed on the star itself. This is still one of the best kinds of nearby suns: long-lived, not a flare star, and the companions are hundreds of Earth–Sun distances away.

planets found

None confirmed

how livable

Unknown, but a strong candidate star. Orange stars like this are often better for long-term life than tiny red stars, because the mild band is wider and flares are milder. No world has been found yet.

at c

16.33 yr

at 0.2 c

82 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

163 yr

Voyager-class

288,060 yr

~17 km/s

#65Eridanus

40 Eridani B

o² Eridani B

Not a home

how far

16.333 light-years

The dead star in the 40 Eridani system

kind of star

Dead star. Still very hot, no fuel left

DA4 · 17,200 K (16,927 °C)

how old

dead for about 2 billion years

0.56× the Sun's weight · 0.013× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.013× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A hot dead star. It orbits the red flare star C, far from the orange star A.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left.

at c

16.33 yr

at 0.2 c

82 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

163 yr

Voyager-class

288,060 yr

~17 km/s

#66Eridanus

40 Eridani C

DY Eridani

Not a home

how far

16.333 light-years

The flaring red star of the 40 Eridani system

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4.5Ve · 3,167 K (2,894 °C)

how old

same system as 40 Eridani A

0.2× the Sun's weight · 0.274× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 700 billion years

0.007× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.07 – 0.14 Earth–Sun

A flare star. It shares a wide orbit with the dead star B. No planets known.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares, with a dead star as a companion.

at c

16.33 yr

at 0.2 c

82 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

163 yr

Voyager-class

288,060 yr

~17 km/s

#67Lacerta

EV Lacertae

GJ 873

Not a home

how far

16.476 light-years

A young red star with extreme flares

kind of star

Small red star with extreme flares

M3.5V · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

a few hundred million years

0.35× the Sun's weight · 0.36× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.013× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

No planets. Flares here are among the strongest known on a nearby star. Air would not last.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too active.

at c

16.48 yr

at 0.2 c

82 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

165 yr

Voyager-class

290,582 yr

~17 km/s

#68Ophiuchus

70 Ophiuchi A

GJ 702 A

Unknown

how far

16.707 light-years

The brighter orange star of a pair

kind of star

Orange star, a little smaller than the Sun

K0V · 5,301 K (5,028 °C)

how old

about 3 to 6 billion years

0.883× the Sun's weight · 0.831× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 12 billion years

0.5× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

34%

0.6 – 1.2 Earth–Sun

No planets found. The companion is an orange star about 23 Earth–Sun distances away, far enough that a mild-band world around A can stay put. This is a good kind of sun.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, but promising as a star. Orange, long-lived, and the companion does not sit inside the mild band. No world has been found.

at c

16.71 yr

at 0.2 c

84 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

167 yr

Voyager-class

294,656 yr

~17 km/s

#69Ophiuchus

70 Ophiuchi B

GJ 702 B

Unknown

how far

16.707 light-years

The dimmer orange star of the pair

kind of star

Orange star, cooler than A

K4V · 4,465 K (4,192 °C)

how old

same age as 70 Ophiuchi A

0.732× the Sun's weight · 0.67× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.16× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

28%

0.35 – 0.7 Earth–Sun

No planets. A smaller orange star. The mild band should be stable. Nothing found yet.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A decent long-lived sun, empty so far.

at c

16.71 yr

at 0.2 c

84 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

167 yr

Voyager-class

294,656 yr

~17 km/s

#70Aquila

Altair

α Aquilae

Not a home

how far

16.730 light-years

A bright, young, fast-spinning white star

kind of star

Hot white star, much brighter than the Sun

A7Vn · 7,700 K (7,427 °C)

how old

about 90 million years

1.86× the Sun's weight · 1.79× the Sun's size

time left

about 2 billion years

10.6× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

about 3 – 5 Earth–Sun

No planets. It spins once every 8 hours, so it is flattened and the equator is cooler than the poles. It is young, hot, and will not live long compared with an orange or red star.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too hot, too young, and too short-lived.

at c

16.73 yr

at 0.2 c

84 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

167 yr

Voyager-class

295,062 yr

~17 km/s

#71Cancer

EI Cancri A

GJ 1116 A

Unknown

how far

16.800 light-years

One of a close pair of small red stars

kind of star

Small red star in a close pair

M5.5V · 2,900 K (2,627 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.12× the Sun's weight · 0.14× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

10%

crowded by the companion

No planets. Two small red stars orbit close together, which makes wide worlds hard to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and not promising.

at c

16.80 yr

at 0.2 c

84 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

168 yr

Voyager-class

296,296 yr

~17 km/s

#72Cancer

EI Cancri B

GJ 1116 B

Unknown

how far

16.800 light-years

The companion of EI Cancri A

kind of star

Tiny red star, paired with A

M6V · 2,750 K (2,477 °C)

how old

same age as EI Cancri A

0.1× the Sun's weight · 0.12× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 3 trillion years

0.0006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable next to A

No planets. Same crowded pair as A.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Weaker candidate than A.

at c

16.80 yr

at 0.2 c

84 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

168 yr

Voyager-class

296,296 yr

~17 km/s

#73Orion

GJ 3379

G 99-49

Unknown

how far

16.986 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M3.5V · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.24× the Sun's weight · 0.28× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 400 billion years

0.008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.08 – 0.16 Earth–Sun

No planets found. An ordinary red star. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Nothing special known, and nothing ruled out.

at c

16.99 yr

at 0.2 c

85 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

170 yr

Voyager-class

299,577 yr

~17 km/s

#74Camelopardalis

Gliese 445

GJ 445

Unknown

how far

17.137 light-years

A flaring red star that Voyager 1 is drifting toward

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4Ve · 3,356 K (3,083 °C)

how old

uncertain; active

0.24× the Sun's weight · 0.26× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 400 billion years

0.008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

0.08 – 0.16 Earth–Sun

No planets. It flares. The mild band is not fully closed, but air would be at risk.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Flares make it a weak candidate.

at c

17.14 yr

at 0.2 c

86 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

171 yr

Voyager-class

302,240 yr

~17 km/s

#75Norma

2MASS 1540

2MASS J15404342−5101357

Not a home

how far

17.374 light-years

A very cool, very dim red star

kind of star

Tiny red star, barely warmer than a failed star

M7V · 2,700 K (2,427 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.09× the Sun's weight · 0.11× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 4 trillion years

0.0005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.04 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band sits against a very cool star. Not a place for an Earth-like climate.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too dim and too cool.

at c

17.37 yr

at 0.2 c

87 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

174 yr

Voyager-class

306,420 yr

~17 km/s

#76Horologium

GJ 3323

LHS 1723

Unknown

how far

17.531 light-years

A flaring red star with one hot world and one unconfirmed outer world

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4.0Ve · 3,288 K (3,015 °C)

how old

uncertain; active

0.171× the Sun's weight · 0.186× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.0037× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

24%

0.06 – 0.12 Earth–Sun

Planet b is confirmed and too hot. Planet c, about twice Earth's weight, sits on the cool edge and was only a candidate when it was announced. Flares make air harder to keep.

planets found

1 confirmed (b), too hot. 1 candidate (c) on the cool edge

GJ 3323 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.033 Earth–Sun · 5.4 d
weight and pull: at least 2.02× Earth · about 1.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 345 K (72 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain; the star flares
could we live there?: No

GJ 3323 c

candidate · Rocky world on the cool edge, not yet confirmed

orbit: 0.126 Earth–Sun · 40.5 d
weight and pull: at least 2.31× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 176 K (-97 °C) without air
water: unknown
air: unknown
could we live there?: Not yet — it still needs a second confirmation

how livable

Unknown. The interesting world is still only a candidate, and the star flares.

at c

17.53 yr

at 0.2 c

88 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

175 yr

Voyager-class

309,189 yr

~17 km/s

#77Boötes

Gliese 526

GJ 526 · Wolf 498

Unknown

how far

17.726 light-years

A larger red star that sometimes flares

kind of star

Larger red star that flares

M1.5V · 3,678 K (3,405 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.472× the Sun's weight · 0.488× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 80 billion years

0.037× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.18 – 0.35 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. It flares, sometimes brightly, but it is a bigger red star than Proxima, so the mild band is wider.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Flares are a real risk. The mild band itself is not closed.

at c

17.73 yr

at 0.2 c

89 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

177 yr

Voyager-class

312,628 yr

~17 km/s

#78Camelopardalis

Stein 2051 A

GJ 169.1 A

Unknown

how far

17.993 light-years

A red star with a dead-star companion

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.21× the Sun's weight · 0.25× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 500 billion years

0.006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.07 – 0.14 Earth–Sun

No planets known. The dead-star companion is far enough that it does not sit inside the mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. An ordinary red star with a distant dead companion.

at c

17.99 yr

at 0.2 c

90 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

180 yr

Voyager-class

317,337 yr

~17 km/s

#79Camelopardalis

Stein 2051 B

GJ 169.1 B

Not a home

how far

17.993 light-years

The dead star beside Stein 2051 A

kind of star

Dead star. Collapsed, still warm, no fuel left

DC5 · 7,100 K (6,827 °C)

how old

dead for billions of years

0.68× the Sun's weight · 0.011× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.0003× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A dead star. Any planets it had were likely lost when it swelled and died.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left.

at c

17.99 yr

at 0.2 c

90 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

180 yr

Voyager-class

317,337 yr

~17 km/s

#80Gemini

Gliese 251

GJ 251

Good chance of a home

how far

18.215 light-years

A red star with a rocky world in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star, fairly quiet

M3V · 3,342 K (3,069 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.36× the Sun's weight · 0.364× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.0155× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

48%

0.12 – 0.24 Earth–Sun

Two planets. The inner one is too hot. Planet c, found in 2025, is about four times Earth's weight and sits in the mild band, getting about 40% of Earth's sunlight.

planets found

2 confirmed (b, c); c is in the mild band

Gliese 251 b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.081 Earth–Sun · 14.2 d
weight and pull: at least 3.85× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 316 K (43 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

Gliese 251 cgoldilocks

confirmed · Rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.196 Earth–Sun · 53.6 d
weight and pull: at least 3.84× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 203 K (-70 °C) without air; air could warm it
water: possible
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept its air

how livable

A real mild-band candidate, though heavier than Earth. It may be a rocky world or a water world. Air has not been seen. It gets less sunlight than Earth, so it needs an air blanket to stay mild.

at c

18.21 yr

at 0.2 c

91 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

182 yr

Voyager-class

321,252 yr

~17 km/s

#81Fornax

LP 816-60

GJ 1276

Unknown

how far

18.331 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M3.5V · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.25× the Sun's weight · 0.28× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 400 billion years

0.008× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.08 – 0.16 Earth–Sun

No planets found. An ordinary red star. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

18.33 yr

at 0.2 c

92 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

183 yr

Voyager-class

323,298 yr

~17 km/s

#82Lyra

LSR 1835

LSR J1835+3259

Not a home

how far

18.553 light-years

A very cool red star that glows in radio light

kind of star

Tiny red star, barely warmer than a failed star

M8.5V · 2,500 K (2,227 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.08× the Sun's weight · 0.1× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0003× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.015 – 0.03 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band is extremely close to a very cool, magnetically active star.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too dim, too cool, and too active.

at c

18.55 yr

at 0.2 c

93 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

186 yr

Voyager-class

327,213 yr

~17 km/s

#83Orion

Gliese 205

GJ 205

Unknown

how far

18.604 light-years

A larger red star with no known planets

kind of star

Larger red star

M1V · 3,600 K (3,327 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.55× the Sun's weight · 0.52× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 80 billion years

0.05× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

26%

0.2 – 0.4 Earth–Sun

No planets found. For a red star it is relatively large, so the mild band is wider than around Proxima.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A reasonable long-lived sun with an empty census.

at c

18.60 yr

at 0.2 c

93 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

186 yr

Voyager-class

328,113 yr

~17 km/s

#84Lepus

Gliese 229 A

GJ 229 A

Unknown

how far

18.791 light-years

A red star with two failed-star companions

kind of star

Larger red star

M1.5V · 3,700 K (3,427 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.58× the Sun's weight · 0.5× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 80 billion years

0.04× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

20%

0.18 – 0.36 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. A world once claimed here did not hold up. The companions are failed stars, not planets, and they orbit farther out than the mild band.

planets found

None confirmed. One old claim was withdrawn

how livable

Unknown. The star itself is a decent red sun. The famous objects here are the failed stars, not a rocky world.

at c

18.79 yr

at 0.2 c

94 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

188 yr

Voyager-class

331,411 yr

~17 km/s

#85Draco

Alsafi

σ Draconis · HD 185144

Unknown

how far

18.799 light-years

A lone orange star, a little cooler than the Sun

kind of star

Orange star, a little smaller and cooler than the Sun

K0V · 5,290 K (5,017 °C)

how old

about 4 billion years

0.87× the Sun's weight · 0.79× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 12 billion years

0.41× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

38%

0.6 – 1.1 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. This is one of the best kinds of nearby suns: long-lived, not a flare star, and no companion crowding the mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, but a strong candidate star. Orange stars like this keep a wide mild band and live longer than the Sun. No world has been found yet.

at c

18.80 yr

at 0.2 c

94 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

188 yr

Voyager-class

331,552 yr

~17 km/s

#86Orion

Ross 47

GJ 213

Unknown

how far

18.888 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.22× the Sun's weight · 0.25× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 500 billion years

0.006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.07 – 0.14 Earth–Sun

No planets found. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

18.89 yr

at 0.2 c

94 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

189 yr

Voyager-class

333,122 yr

~17 km/s

#87Libra

Gliese 570 A

GJ 570 A

Unknown

how far

19.199 light-years

The orange star in a four-body system

kind of star

Orange star, cooler than the Sun

K4V · 4,590 K (4,317 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.76× the Sun's weight · 0.75× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.22× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

30%

0.4 – 0.8 Earth–Sun

No planets known. Two red stars and a failed star share the system, but they are far enough that a world in the mild band around A can stay put.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A good long-lived sun. The other bodies are not in its mild band.

at c

19.20 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

192 yr

Voyager-class

338,607 yr

~17 km/s

#88Libra

Gliese 570 B

GJ 570 B

Unknown

how far

19.199 light-years

A red star locked to Gliese 570 C

kind of star

Larger red star, paired closely with C

M1.5V · 3,500 K (3,227 °C)

how old

same age as Gliese 570 A

0.4× the Sun's weight · 0.4× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

crowded by C

No planets. It orbits the smaller red star C closely enough to disturb worlds.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and weaker than A.

at c

19.20 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

192 yr

Voyager-class

338,607 yr

~17 km/s

#89Libra

Gliese 570 C

GJ 570 C

Unknown

how far

19.199 light-years

The smaller red companion of Gliese 570 B

kind of star

Small red star, paired closely with B

M · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

same age as Gliese 570 A

0.3× the Sun's weight · 0.32× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 250 billion years

0.01× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

10%

crowded by B

No planets. Same close pair as B.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A weak candidate.

at c

19.20 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

192 yr

Voyager-class

338,607 yr

~17 km/s

#90Pavo

Gliese 693

GJ 693

Unknown

how far

19.208 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M3V · 3,350 K (3,077 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.3× the Sun's weight · 0.32× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 250 billion years

0.01× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

16%

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

No planets found. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

19.21 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

192 yr

Voyager-class

338,765 yr

~17 km/s

#91Telescopium

Gliese 754

GJ 754

Unknown

how far

19.272 light-years

A small red star with no known planets

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.18× the Sun's weight · 0.22× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 800 billion years

0.004× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

14%

0.06 – 0.12 Earth–Sun

No planets found.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

19.27 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

339,894 yr

~17 km/s

#92Pisces

Gliese 908

GJ 908 · BR Piscium

Unknown

how far

19.275 light-years

A fast-moving larger red star

kind of star

Larger red star

M1V · 3,550 K (3,277 °C)

how old

old

0.4× the Sun's weight · 0.4× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

22%

0.14 – 0.28 Earth–Sun

No planets found. A relatively large red star, so the mild band is wider than around the tiniest red dwarfs.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A decent red sun with an empty census.

at c

19.27 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

339,947 yr

~17 km/s

#93Aquila

Gliese 752 A

HD 180617

Unknown

how far

19.292 light-years

A red star with a small gas world near the cool edge

kind of star

Small red star

M2.5V · 3,534 K (3,261 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.484× the Sun's weight · 0.48× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 100 billion years

0.03× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

0.16 – 0.32 Earth–Sun

One confirmed planet is about 12 times Earth's weight, a small gas world whose orbit clips the cool edge of the mild band. That is not an Earth-like rock. A rocky world closer in is not ruled out.

planets found

1 confirmed small gas world (b), not Earth-like

Gliese 752 A b

confirmed · Small gas world on the cool edge

orbit: 0.34 Earth–Sun · 106 d
weight and pull: at least 12.2× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 180 K (-93 °C) · a gas world
water: not an open ocean
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No solid surface

how livable

Unknown. The known world is the wrong kind. The star itself is ordinary.

at c

19.29 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

340,247 yr

~17 km/s

#94Aquila

VB 10

Gliese 752 B

Not a home

how far

19.292 light-years

A very cool red star. A planet claim was withdrawn

kind of star

Tiny red star, barely warmer than a failed star

M8V · 2,508 K (2,235 °C)

how old

same system as Gliese 752 A

0.088× the Sun's weight · 0.1× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 5 trillion years

0.0004× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.02 – 0.04 Earth–Sun

A planet claimed in 2009 did not survive later checks. The star is too cool for an Earth-like climate.

planets found

1 claimed in 2009, later withdrawn

how livable

Not a home. Too dim and too cool.

at c

19.29 yr

at 0.2 c

96 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

340,247 yr

~17 km/s

#95Lupus

Gliese 588

GJ 588

Unknown

how far

19.300 light-years

A small red star with no confirmed planets

kind of star

Small red star

M2.5V · 3,500 K (3,227 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.45× the Sun's weight · 0.45× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 120 billion years

0.025× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

20%

0.15 – 0.3 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. A fairly ordinary red star. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None confirmed

how livable

Unknown.

at c

19.30 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

340,388 yr

~17 km/s

#96Cassiopeia

Eta Cassiopeiae A

Achird · HD 4614

Unknown

how far

19.331 light-years

A near-twin of the Sun, with an orange companion

kind of star

Yellow star, almost a twin of the Sun

G0V · 5,879 K (5,606 °C)

how old

about 5 billion years

1.026× the Sun's weight · 1.036× the Sun's size

time left

about 5 billion years

1.1× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

40%

1.0 – 1.7 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. One heavier world has been suggested and not confirmed. The orange companion is about 70 Earth–Sun distances away, so the mild band around A is calm. This is as close as the nearby stars get to a second Sun.

planets found

None confirmed

how livable

Unknown, and one of the best empty suns on this whole list. Same kind of star as the Sun, similar age, and a wide mild band. No Earth-like world has been found yet.

at c

19.33 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

340,935 yr

~17 km/s

#97Cassiopeia

Eta Cassiopeiae B

HD 4614 B

Unknown

how far

19.331 light-years

The orange companion of the Sun-like star

kind of star

Orange-red star, smaller than the Sun

K7V · 4,011 K (3,738 °C)

how old

same age as Eta Cassiopeiae A

0.55× the Sun's weight · 0.57× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 30 billion years

0.06× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

28%

0.25 – 0.5 Earth–Sun

No planets known. A long-lived smaller sun. A is far enough not to wreck the mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A good backup sun in the same system as A.

at c

19.33 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

193 yr

Voyager-class

340,935 yr

~17 km/s

#98Ophiuchus

36 Ophiuchi A

GJ 663 A

Unknown

how far

19.419 light-years

The brightest of three orange stars

kind of star

Orange star, a little smaller than the Sun

K1.5V · 5,100 K (4,827 °C)

how old

a few billion years

0.85× the Sun's weight · 0.85× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 15 billion years

0.45× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

32%

0.6 – 1.2 Earth–Sun

No confirmed planet. B is a similar orange star on a wide orbit. C is farther. The mild band around A should be stable.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A good long-lived sun, empty so far.

at c

19.42 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

194 yr

Voyager-class

342,487 yr

~17 km/s

#99Ophiuchus

36 Ophiuchi B

GJ 663 B

Unknown

how far

19.419 light-years

The second orange star of the triple

kind of star

Orange star, much like A

K1V · 5,100 K (4,827 °C)

how old

same age as 36 Ophiuchi A

0.85× the Sun's weight · 0.83× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 15 billion years

0.42× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

30%

0.6 – 1.2 Earth–Sun

No planets. Almost a twin of A. The pair is wide enough for each to keep a mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. As promising as A, and just as empty.

at c

19.42 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

194 yr

Voyager-class

342,487 yr

~17 km/s

#100Ophiuchus

36 Ophiuchi C

GJ 664

Unknown

how far

19.419 light-years

The dimmer third star of 36 Ophiuchi

kind of star

Orange star, cooler than A and B

K5V · 4,500 K (4,227 °C)

how old

same age as 36 Ophiuchi A

0.71× the Sun's weight · 0.7× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 20 billion years

0.18× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

26%

0.4 – 0.8 Earth–Sun

No planets. Farther from the A–B pair. Still a decent long-lived sun.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A quieter, dimmer orange star.

at c

19.42 yr

at 0.2 c

97 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

194 yr

Voyager-class

342,487 yr

~17 km/s

#101Canis Minor

YZ Canis Minoris

GJ 285 · Ross 882

Not a home

how far

19.533 light-years

A small red star with violent flares

kind of star

Small red star with strong flares

M4V · 3,180 K (2,907 °C)

how old

young or very active

0.31× the Sun's weight · 0.32× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 300 billion years

0.01× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

No planets. Flares here are among the strongest of any nearby star. Air in the mild band would be hard to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too active.

at c

19.53 yr

at 0.2 c

98 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

195 yr

Voyager-class

344,497 yr

~17 km/s

#102Cetus

GJ 1005 A

Luyten 722-22

Unknown

how far

19.577 light-years

The brighter star of a close red pair

kind of star

Small red star in a close pair

M3.5V · 3,250 K (2,977 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.22× the Sun's weight · 0.25× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 500 billion years

0.006× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

crowded by the companion

No planets. The companion orbits close enough to disturb wide worlds.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and not promising. A tight red pair.

at c

19.58 yr

at 0.2 c

98 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

196 yr

Voyager-class

345,273 yr

~17 km/s

#103Cetus

GJ 1005 B

Luyten 722-22 B

Unknown

how far

19.577 light-years

The dim companion of GJ 1005 A

kind of star

Smaller red star, paired with A

MV · 2,900 K (2,627 °C)

how old

same age as GJ 1005 A

0.12× the Sun's weight · 0.15× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable next to A

No planets. Same crowded pair as A.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Weaker candidate than A.

at c

19.58 yr

at 0.2 c

98 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

196 yr

Voyager-class

345,273 yr

~17 km/s

#104Sagittarius

HR 7703 A

GJ 783 A · HD 191408

Unknown

how far

19.609 light-years

An orange star with a red companion

kind of star

Orange star, cooler than the Sun

K2.5V · 4,900 K (4,627 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.77× the Sun's weight · 0.78× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 15 billion years

0.3× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

32%

0.5 – 1.0 Earth–Sun

No planets found. A long-lived orange star. The red companion is far enough that the mild band around A should be stable.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A good kind of sun, empty so far.

at c

19.61 yr

at 0.2 c

98 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

196 yr

Voyager-class

345,838 yr

~17 km/s

#105Sagittarius

HR 7703 B

GJ 783 B

Unknown

how far

19.609 light-years

The red companion of HR 7703 A

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,200 K (2,927 °C)

how old

same age as HR 7703 A

0.2× the Sun's weight · 0.24× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 600 billion years

0.005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

14%

0.07 – 0.14 Earth–Sun

No planets. A ordinary small red star beside a better orange sun.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. Weaker than A.

at c

19.61 yr

at 0.2 c

98 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

196 yr

Voyager-class

345,838 yr

~17 km/s

#106Eridanus

82 Eridani

HD 20794 · e Eridani

Unknown

how far

19.705 light-years

A Sun-like star with three rocky worlds, one on a stretched mild-band orbit

kind of star

Yellow-orange star, a little smaller than the Sun

G8V · 5,473 K (5,200 °C)

how old

about 9 billion years

0.8× the Sun's weight · 0.93× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 10 billion years

0.687× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

36%

0.6 – 1.5 Earth–Sun

Three confirmed rocky worlds. The inner two are too hot. Planet d is about six times Earth's weight and its stretched orbit only spends part of each year in the mild band, so it would freeze, then bake. Heavier candidates in the mild band are not confirmed.

planets found

3 confirmed (b, c, d). d clips the mild band. More are only candidates

82 Eridani b

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.126 Earth–Sun · 18.3 d
weight and pull: at least 2.15× Earth · about 1.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 650 K (377 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

82 Eridani c

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.363 Earth–Sun · 90 d
weight and pull: at least 2.98× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 380 K (107 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

82 Eridani dgoldilocks

confirmed · Heavy rocky world on a stretched orbit

orbit: 1.35 Earth–Sun · 648 d
weight and pull: at least 5.82× Earth · much stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 200 K (-73 °C) on average, but it swings a lot
water: possible only on part of the orbit
air: unknown
could we live there?: Unlikely — the year runs from too cold to too hot

how livable

The star is one of the best nearby suns: old, calm, and Sun-like. The planets are the problem. The only mild-band world is heavy and on a stretched orbit. Not a gentle Earth.

at c

19.70 yr

at 0.2 c

99 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

197 yr

Voyager-class

347,531 yr

~17 km/s

#107Auriga

Gliese 268 A

QY Aurigae A

Unknown

how far

19.741 light-years

One of a pair of flaring red stars

kind of star

Small red star that flares, locked to a twin

M4.5V · 3,150 K (2,877 °C)

how old

uncertain; active

0.2× the Sun's weight · 0.24× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 600 billion years

0.005× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

crowded by the companion

No planets. Two active red stars orbit each other. Worlds would be hard to keep.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown, and not promising.

at c

19.74 yr

at 0.2 c

99 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

197 yr

Voyager-class

348,166 yr

~17 km/s

#108Auriga

Gliese 268 B

QY Aurigae B

Not a home

how far

19.741 light-years

The companion of Gliese 268 A

kind of star

Small red star, paired with A

MV · 3,000 K (2,727 °C)

how old

same age as Gliese 268 A

0.15× the Sun's weight · 0.18× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.002× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

unstable next to A

No planets. Same crowded, flaring pair.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Flares plus a star next door.

at c

19.74 yr

at 0.2 c

99 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

197 yr

Voyager-class

348,166 yr

~17 km/s

#109Pavo

Delta Pavonis

δ Pavonis

Unknown

how far

19.893 light-years

A bright star that has started to swell

kind of star

Yellow star, a bit brighter than the Sun, already aging off the calm stage

G8IV · 5,609 K (5,336 °C)

how old

about 6 billion years

1.07× the Sun's weight · 1.2× the Sun's size

time left

maybe 1 billion years of steady light

1.24× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

18%

1.1 – 1.8 Earth–Sun

No rocky planet found. A distant gas-giant candidate sits far outside the mild band and is not confirmed. The star itself is already swelling, so a mild climate here would not last as long as on Earth.

planets found

1 unconfirmed distant gas giant

how livable

Unknown. It looks like a slightly brighter Sun today, but it is leaving the long calm stage of its life. A poor bet for a civilization that wants billions of years.

at c

19.89 yr

at 0.2 c

99 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

199 yr

Voyager-class

350,847 yr

~17 km/s

#110Telescopium

Gliese 784

HD 191849

Unknown

how far

20.093 light-years

A larger red star with an unconfirmed hot world

kind of star

Large red star

M0V · 3,754 K (3,481 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.58× the Sun's weight · 0.58× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 70 billion years

0.06× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

24%

0.22 – 0.45 Earth–Sun

One claimed planet is about nine times Earth's weight and far too hot. It is not confirmed. The mild band itself is still open, and this is a relatively large red star.

planets found

1 unconfirmed hot world (b)

Gliese 784 b

candidate · Hot heavy world, not confirmed

orbit: 0.059 Earth–Sun · 6.7 d
weight and pull: at least 9.4× Earth · much stronger than Earth
temperature: about 500 K (227 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

how livable

Unknown. The star is decent. The only claimed world is too hot and not yet confirmed.

at c

20.09 yr

at 0.2 c

100 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

201 yr

Voyager-class

354,374 yr

~17 km/s

#111Draco

G 240-72

LHS 455 · GJ 1221

Not a home

how far

20.260 light-years

A cool dead star

kind of star

Dead star. Collapsed, no fuel left

DXP9 · 5,500 K (5,227 °C)

how old

dead for billions of years

0.6× the Sun's weight · 0.012× the Sun's size

time left

only cooling — no fuel left

0.0002× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

no mild band left

A dead star. Any planets it had were likely lost when it swelled and died.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. No fuel left.

at c

20.26 yr

at 0.2 c

101 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

203 yr

Voyager-class

357,319 yr

~17 km/s

#112Libra

HN Librae

Gliese 555 · Wolf 1481

Good chance of a home

how far

20.370 light-years

A red star with a heavy rocky world in the mild band

kind of star

Small red star

M4V · 3,347 K (3,074 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.291× the Sun's weight · 0.299× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 300 billion years

0.0101× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

46%

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

Planet b, found in 2023, is about five times Earth's weight and sits in the mild band, getting about half of Earth's sunlight. It may be a rocky world or a water world. Air has not been seen.

planets found

1 confirmed (b), in the mild band

HN Librae bgoldilocks

confirmed · Heavy rocky world in the mild band

orbit: 0.142 Earth–Sun · 36.1 d
weight and pull: at least 5.46× Earth · stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 214 K (-59 °C) without air; air could warm it
water: possible
air: unknown
could we live there?: Possible, if it kept a thick air blanket

how livable

A real mild-band candidate, but heavier than Earth and cooler than Earth. It needs air to stay above freezing. One face may always point at the star.

at c

20.37 yr

at 0.2 c

102 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

204 yr

Voyager-class

359,259 yr

~17 km/s

#113Pegasus

EQ Pegasi A

GJ 896 A

Unknown

how far

20.422 light-years

A young flaring red star with a gas giant

kind of star

Small red star that flares

M4Ve · 3,353 K (3,080 °C)

how old

about 1 billion years

0.436× the Sun's weight · 0.42× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 150 billion years

0.02× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

10%

0.12 – 0.25 Earth–Sun

One confirmed planet is a gas giant, about twice Jupiter's weight, outside the mild band. Both stars in the pair flare. A rocky world in the mild band is not ruled out, but air would be at risk.

planets found

1 confirmed gas giant (b), too cold and not rocky

EQ Pegasi b

confirmed · Gas giant

orbit: 0.64 Earth–Sun · 284 d
weight and pull: at least 720× Earth · Jupiter-like
temperature: about 120 K (-153 °C)
water: ice
air: hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No solid surface

how livable

Unknown. The known world is a cold gas giant, and the star flares.

at c

20.42 yr

at 0.2 c

102 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

204 yr

Voyager-class

360,176 yr

~17 km/s

#114Pegasus

EQ Pegasi B

GJ 896 B

Not a home

how far

20.422 light-years

The smaller, flaring companion

kind of star

Tiny red star that flares

M6Ve · 3,072 K (2,799 °C)

how old

about 1 billion years

0.165× the Sun's weight · 0.18× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 1 trillion years

0.003× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

0.05 – 0.1 Earth–Sun

No planet of its own. A young flare star. The mild band is very close-in.

planets found

None

how livable

Not a home. Too active and too small.

at c

20.42 yr

at 0.2 c

102 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

204 yr

Voyager-class

360,176 yr

~17 km/s

#115Libra

Gliese 581

HO Librae · GJ 581

Unknown

how far

20.549 light-years

An old, quiet red star. The famous mild-band worlds did not hold up

kind of star

Small red star, old and fairly quiet

M3V · 3,500 K (3,227 °C)

how old

about 10 billion years

0.295× the Sun's weight · 0.302× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 200 billion years

0.013× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

22%

0.10 – 0.25 Earth–Sun

Three planets are real, and all of them are too close and too hot. The worlds once called d, f, and g, including the famous mild-band claims, were later blamed on the star's own noise. The mild band is empty again, and the star is calm enough to be worth another look.

planets found

3 confirmed (e, b, c), all too hot. d, f, and g withdrawn

Gliese 581 e

confirmed · Hot rocky world

orbit: 0.028 Earth–Sun · 3.1 d
weight and pull: at least 2.5× Earth · about 1.3 g if rocky
temperature: about 500 K (227 °C)
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

Gliese 581 b

confirmed · Hot gas world

orbit: 0.040 Earth–Sun · 5.4 d
weight and pull: at least 20.5× Earth · Neptune-like
temperature: about 420 K (147 °C)
water: not an open ocean
air: likely hydrogen and helium
could we live there?: No

Gliese 581 c

confirmed · Hot heavy world

orbit: 0.072 Earth–Sun · 12.9 d
weight and pull: at least 6.8× Earth · much stronger than Earth if rocky
temperature: about 320 K (47 °C) · still inside the hot edge
water: not a stable ocean
air: uncertain
could we live there?: No

how livable

A cautionary famous system. Headlines once put Earth-like worlds here. Those signals did not survive. The star itself is old and quiet, so the mild band is still worth searching.

at c

20.55 yr

at 0.2 c

103 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

205 yr

Voyager-class

362,416 yr

~17 km/s

#116Ursa Major

GJ 338 A

HD 79210

Unknown

how far

20.659 light-years

One of a pair of larger red stars

kind of star

Large red star

M0V · 3,800 K (3,527 °C)

how old

several billion years

0.6× the Sun's weight · 0.58× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 70 billion years

0.06× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

26%

0.22 – 0.45 Earth–Sun

No planets found. A relatively large red star. The companion is a similar star on a wide orbit, so each can keep a mild band.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A decent long-lived sun with an empty census.

at c

20.66 yr

at 0.2 c

103 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

207 yr

Voyager-class

364,356 yr

~17 km/s

#117Ursa Major

GJ 338 B

HD 79211

Unknown

how far

20.659 light-years

The companion of GJ 338 A

kind of star

Orange-red star, similar in brightness to A

K7V · 4,000 K (3,727 °C)

how old

same age as GJ 338 A

0.58× the Sun's weight · 0.56× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 25 billion years

0.07× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

28%

0.25 – 0.5 Earth–Sun

No planets. Slightly warmer than A. Still a good long-lived sun, empty so far.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. As promising as A.

at c

20.66 yr

at 0.2 c

103 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

207 yr

Voyager-class

364,356 yr

~17 km/s

#118Leo

LHS 2090

GJ 3517

Unknown

how far

20.806 light-years

A tiny red star with no known planets

kind of star

Tiny red star

M6V · 2,800 K (2,527 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.1× the Sun's weight · 0.13× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 2 trillion years

0.001× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

10%

0.03 – 0.06 Earth–Sun

No planets. The mild band is very close to a dim star. Not ruled out, not likely to be gentle.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown. A weak candidate.

at c

20.81 yr

at 0.2 c

104 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

208 yr

Voyager-class

366,949 yr

~17 km/s

#119Hercules

HD 155876 A

GJ 661 A

Unknown

how far

20.865 light-years

One of a pair of small red stars

kind of star

Small red star in a pair

M3V · 3,400 K (3,127 °C)

how old

uncertain

0.32× the Sun's weight · 0.34× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 250 billion years

0.012× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

14%

0.1 – 0.2 Earth–Sun

No planets known. A companion of similar size shares the system. The distance is less precise than for most stars here.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

20.86 yr

at 0.2 c

104 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

209 yr

Voyager-class

367,989 yr

~17 km/s

#120Hercules

HD 155876 B

GJ 661 B

Unknown

how far

20.865 light-years

The companion of HD 155876 A

kind of star

Small red star, paired with A

M3.5V · 3,300 K (3,027 °C)

how old

same age as HD 155876 A

0.28× the Sun's weight · 0.3× the Sun's size

time left

≈ 300 billion years

0.009× the Sun's light

Earth-like chance

12%

0.09 – 0.18 Earth–Sun

No planets. Same pair as A. The mild band is not closed.

planets found

None

how livable

Unknown.

at c

20.86 yr

at 0.2 c

104 yr

Starshot-class

at 0.1 c

209 yr

Voyager-class

367,989 yr

~17 km/s